📘 Giving Advice & Stating Necessities

İngilizce Kursu

1️⃣ Must & Have to (Zorunluluk)

• must → Kişisel zorunluluk (içten gelen).
• have to → Dışsal zorunluluk (kural, mecburiyet).

✅ I must see a doctor right now. (Kendi ihtiyacım → doktora görünmeliyim.)
✅ She has to pay the credit debt at once. (Mecburiyet → borcunu ödemek zorunda.)

2️⃣ Should (Tavsiye)

• should → Tavsiye, öğüt.
  ✅ You should try to keep your social distance. (Mesafeni korumalısın.)

3️⃣ Ought to & Had better

• ought to → “should” ile aynı anlamda.
• had better (‘d better) → Daha güçlü kişisel tavsiye, kanaat.
• olumsuz halleri: ought not to, had better not

✅ They ought to get a bike, because the traffic here is terrible.
✅ You’d better hurry or we’ll be late.
✅ I’d better not go out without a coat in such cold weather.

4️⃣ Stating Necessities (Gereklilik)

🔹 Need (to)

• need to → -meye ihtiyaç duymak
• olumsuz: don’t need to / needn’t

✅ She doesn’t have to stay here. = She doesn’t need to stay here. = She needn’t stay here.
✅ Do you need help?
✅ She needn’t this book, I guess.

🔹 Don’t have to

• don’t have to → gerek yok, yapmak zorunda değil
  ✅ I don’t have to like him. (Onu sevmek zorunda değilim.)

🔹 Might want to

• Tahminsel veya yumuşak tavsiye/gereklilik
  ✅ You might want to revise your notes before the exam.

🔹 Have got to

• Günlük konuşmada zorunluluk belirtir
  ✅ He’s got to go now!
  ✅ I’ve really got to see my wife. She knows everything.

5️⃣ So that & In case (Amaç / İhtimal)

• so that → …-sın diye (amaç bildirir)
  ✅ They’ve got to train hard so that they can beat their opponents.
• in case → …olur diye / ihtimaline karşı
  ✅ You shouldn’t waste your money in case you need it.

👉 Karşılaştırma:

• You should lock the door in case someone may break in. (İhtimal → olur da biri girer diye)
• You should lock the door so that no one can break in. (Amaç → kimse girmesin diye)

💡 Günlük kullanım: Just in case = “Ne olur ne olmaz.”

6️⃣ Özet Tablo

7️⃣ Alıştırmalar

A) Fill in the blanks

1. You _______ (should / must) see a doctor if you feel sick.
2. She _______ (doesn’t have to / must) stay here, it’s not necessary.
3. We _______ (ought to / might want to) leave earlier because of the traffic.
4. He _______ (had better / should) apologize, or she will be angry.
5. Lock the door _______ (so that / in case) no one can get in.

B) Rewrite

I need this book. (olumsuz yap → gerek yok)
👉 I don’t need this book. / I needn’t this book.

She must study hard. (so that ile amaç ekle)
👉 She must study hard so that she can pass the exam.

He has to wear a uniform. (don’t have to ile değiştir)
👉 He doesn’t have to wear a uniform.

We should save money. (in case ile devam ettir)
👉 We should save money in case we need it later.

I must call my mother. (had better ile yaz)
👉 I’d better call my mother.

They ought to get up early. (otherwise ile ekle)
👉 They ought to get up early, otherwise they’ll miss the bus.

You must lock the door. (in case ile yeniden yaz)
👉 You must lock the door in case someone tries to enter.

He has got to finish the report. (should ile daha yumuşak yaz)
👉 He should finish the report.

We don’t need to buy tickets. (must ile olumluya çevir)
👉 We mustn’t buy tickets now, they are already reserved.

I need some help. (modal “need” ile yaz)
👉 Need I some help?

She mustn’t park here. (don’t have to ile farklı anlamda yaz)
👉 She doesn’t have to park here. (gerek yok → farklı anlam!)

I must go to bed early. (had better not ile olumsuz tavsiye yaz)
👉 I’d better not go to bed late.

He should drink water regularly. (ought to ile yeniden yaz)
👉 He ought to drink water regularly.

We must always be ready. (in case ile değiştir)
👉 We must always be ready in case something happens.

They have to take the exam tomorrow. (have got to ile yaz)
👉 They’ve got to take the exam tomorrow.

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