Sıklık Zarfları
1️⃣ Tanım
Adverbs of frequency (sıklık zarfları), bir eylemin ne sıklıkla gerçekleştiğini ifade eder.
👉 Çoğunlukla özne (subject) ile fiil (verb) arasına gelir.
- I always eat breakfast.
- She sometimes goes to the gym.
- We never smoke.
2️⃣ Frekans Tablosu
| Adverb | Frequency | Örnek Cümle |
|---|---|---|
| always | 100% | I always watch TV at night. |
| almost always | ~95% | She almost always eats breakfast. |
| usually | ~80% | Mike usually gets up late. |
| generally | ~80% | She generally speaks German. |
| often | ~70% | I often exercise in the morning. |
| sometimes | ~50% | They sometimes go to Starbucks. |
| seldom | ~5% | I seldom see him. |
| rarely | ~5% | I rarely see him. |
| hardly ever | ~5% | I hardly ever see him. |
| never | 0% | We never come to class late. |
3️⃣ Kullanım Yerleri
✅ Genel kural:
Subject + Adverb of Frequency + Verb
- I usually wake up early.
✅ “Be” fiili varsa:
Subject + Be (am/is/are) + Adverb of Frequency
- She is always happy.
✅ Cümle başında (özellikle “sometimes” için):
- Sometimes I go for a walk in the park.
4️⃣ Farklı Zamanlarda Kullanım
- Present Simple (Geniş Zaman):
I always run. (Hep koşarım – alışkanlık) - Past Simple (Geçmiş Zaman):
She always ran when she was in London. (Londra’dayken hep koşardı.) - Present Continuous (Şimdiki Zaman):
He is always lying to me. (Bana hep yalan söylüyor – şikâyet vurgusu var.)
5️⃣ Alternatif İfadeler
Bazı zarflar yerine benzer ifadeler de kullanılabilir:
- sometimes → at times, once in a while, on occasion, from time to time, periodically
- never → never ever (daha güçlü vurgu için)
- rarely → seldom, hardly ever
👉 I sometimes go to the cinema. = I go to the cinema once in a while.
6️⃣ Alıştırmalar
A) Fill in the blanks with the correct adverb of frequency
- She ________ goes to work on Sundays. (never)
- They ________ have lunch at school. (usually)
- I ________ drink coffee before bed. (seldom)
- We ________ watch TV in the evening. (often)
- He ________ studies at the library. (sometimes)
B) Rewrite the sentences with the given adverb
I go swimming. (always)
👉 I always go swimming.
She is late. (never)
👉 She is never late.
They eat pizza. (rarely)
👉 They rarely eat pizza.
We play football. (often)
👉 We often play football.
He calls me. (sometimes)
👉 He sometimes calls me.
My father reads the newspaper. (usually)
👉 My father usually reads the newspaper.
The children play in the park. (often)
👉 The children often play in the park.
I drink tea in the morning. (generally)
👉 I generally drink tea in the morning.
She studies at night. (seldom)
👉 She seldom studies at night.
We are tired after work. (almost always)
👉 We are almost always tired after work.
They go shopping on Sundays. (occasionally)
👉 They occasionally go shopping on Sundays.
I do my homework on time. (always)
👉 I always do my homework on time.
He forgets his keys. (hardly ever)
👉 He hardly ever forgets his keys.
We eat out at restaurants. (sometimes)
👉 We sometimes eat out at restaurants.
She is happy in class. (always)
👉 She is always happy in class.