Lesson Resources
| # | Tense (Zaman) | Yapısı (Form) | Kullanımı (When to Use) | Zaman Zarfları (Time Words) | Örnek Cümleler (Examples) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Present Simple (Geniş Zaman) | S + V1 (+s/es) + O | Rutinler, alışkanlıklar, genel gerçekler | always, usually, every day, never | ✅ I go to school every morning. ✅ She works in a bank. ✅ The sun rises in the east. |
| 2 | Present Continuous (Şimdiki Zaman) | S + am/is/are + V-ing + O | Şu anda yapılan işler, geçici durumlar, planlı gelecek | now, at the moment, today, these days | ✅ I am studying English now. ✅ They are watching TV. ✅ We are meeting John tomorrow. |
| 3 | Past Simple (Basit Geçmiş) | S + V2 + O | Geçmişte olmuş ve bitmiş eylemler | yesterday, last week, ago, in 2010 | ✅ I visited London last year. ✅ She watched a movie yesterday. ✅ They didn’t go to school. |
| 4 | Past Continuous (Süreklilik Gösteren Geçmiş) | S + was/were + V-ing + O | Geçmişte devam eden, başka bir olayla kesilen eylemler | while, when, as, at that time | ✅ I was reading when the phone rang. ✅ She was cooking while I was cleaning. ✅ They were studying all night. |
| 5 | Present Perfect (Etkisi Devam Eden Geçmiş) | S + have/has + V3 + O | Geçmişte başlayıp hâlâ devam eden veya sonucu bugünü etkileyen eylemler | since, for, already, just, yet, ever, never | ✅ I have finished my homework. ✅ She has just arrived. ✅ We have lived here for 5 years. |
| 6 | Past Perfect (Geçmişin Geçmişi) | S + had + V3 + O | Geçmişteki başka bir olaydan önce tamamlanmış eylemler | before, after, by the time, already | ✅ I had eaten before he came. ✅ She had left when I arrived. ✅ They had finished the project by 5 p.m. |
| 7 | Be Going To – Future (Yakın Gelecek) | S + am/is/are + going to + V1 + O | Planlar, niyetler, kanıta dayalı tahminler | tomorrow, next week, soon | ✅ I’m going to visit my grandma. ✅ It’s going to rain soon. ✅ We’re going to start a new project. |
| 8 | Future Simple (Basit Gelecek) | S + will + V1 + O | Ani kararlar, söz verme, tahmin, rica | tomorrow, soon, next week, I think | ✅ I will help you. ✅ She will probably call later. ✅ Will you open the door, please? |
🧭 ZAMAN ÇİZELGESİ (Time Line)
| Geçmiş (Past) | Şimdi (Present) | Gelecek (Future) |
|---|---|---|
| Past Perfect → had + V3 | Present Perfect → have/has + V3 | Be Going To Future → am/is/are + going to + V1 |
| Past Simple → V2 | Present Simple → V1 (+s/es) | Future Simple (will) → will + V1 |
| Past Continuous → was/were + V-ing | Present Continuous → am/is/are + V-ing | — |
🧩 Kısaltmalar (Symbols)
| Sembol | İngilizcesi | Türkçesi | Örnek |
|---|---|---|---|
| S | Subject | Özne | I, You, She, They |
| V | Verb | Fiil / Yüklem | go, work, watch |
| O / C | Object / Complement | Nesne veya Tümleç | my homework, in the park, happy |